Alkanes and Alkenes

Alkanes:

  • This is a type of saturated hydrocarbon – Have their carbons connected by single bonds only.
  • They have the general formula: C(n)H(2n+2). Where ‘n’ = number of carbon atoms.
  • When named alkanes have the suffix ending of –ane
  • Given their saturated nature, alkanes are not reactive
  • Common alkanes = crude oil and natural gas

Methane

Methane

 

Alkenes:

  • These hydrocarbons are unsaturated – have at least one double carbon-carbon bond
  • Because of their unsaturated nature – they are more reactive than alkanes
  • Have the general formula: CnH2n
  • Can react with hydrogen (H_2) to form alkanes → site of reaction occurs where double bond lies
  • When named alkenes have the suffix ending of –ene
  • Q’s: Why don’t alkenes with 1 carbon exist?
ethene

Ethene