Organic Chemical Reactions

Addition Reaction:

  • Occurs with alkenes
  • Reactions involve the breaking of the double C-C bond in alkenes
  • Substances such as , , , HCl, HBr and HI can undergo addition reaction with alkenes.
  • An alcohol can be produced by an addition reaction between alkene and water in the presence of a catalyst (phosphoric acid).
addition-reaction

Substitution Reaction:

  • Involves alkanes
  • One or more hydrogen atoms in the alkane are replaced by a different atom or functional group.
  • Breaking the C-H bond and making a new bond with another atom/functional group.
substitution-reaction

 

Oxidation Reaction:

  • In this context, alcohols can under oxidation reaction to produce carboxylic acids
  • The reaction between alcohol to produce carboxylic acids involves other substances such as permanganate and/or dichromate.
  • Only primary alcohols can undergo oxidation to produce carboxylic acids.
oxidation-alcohol

Esterification:

  • Reaction that produces an ester
  • Reaction between a carboxylic acid and alcohol
  • Make sure that you are familiar with this type of reaction
esterification